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YEAR OF STUDY I
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SECTION I SECTION II
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SECTION 2 Unit 6 (G) Grammar: Tense
Forms: Active and Passive Modals and their
Equivalents Questions,
Indefinite Pronouns (R) (SR)
Supplementary (L) Listening Interacting
with your computer (S) Speaking: Vinnytsia
National Technical University (G) Grammar (revision): Tense Forms: Active and Passive
Exercise 1G. Transform the sentences, containing modal verbs or equivalents into: ·
the Past ·
the Future 1. Computers can
replace people in dull routine work. 2. Computer-controlled
robots must increase the productivity of labour. 3. Programmers have
to write application programs in a way that computers can understand them. 4. What are you to
test next? 5. A program may
include data which is to be processed. Exercise 2G. Underline the right variant: 1. At the age of 13
Michael Faraday’s schooling (ends/ended/end) 2. The students (work/worked/were working) from 5 to 6
p.m. yesterday. 3. By 2 o’clock the
professor (examined/had examined/was
examining) all the students of our group. 4. Next time they (have to/had to/will have to) revise
all the rules. 5. At this time
yesterday he (worked/had worked/was
working) at the computing centre. 6. At last she (came/comes/has come). 7. How long (have you known/have you been knowing/know)
them? 8. This program (senses/sense/is sensing) all cards. 9. Do you have (some/any/every/no) questions? 10.
Usually students (examined/examine/are examined) in this room. Exercise 3G. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian: 1. The higher the
accuracy of the system, the less errors the system makes. 2. It is natural
that we should try to replace the human controller by some forms of automatic
controller. 3. There are two
kinds of errors which programmers must deal with. 4. He is to write
the program immediately. 5. When I came in
she was typing this document. 6. This job will
have been finished by the end of the next week. 7. They could find
him nowhere. 8. Don’t you know
that the computer has been rebooted? 9. How long has he
been working here? 10.
They were allowed to attend the conference last
week. 11.
What are you going to do with this device? 12.
Have you been informed about the meeting? Exercise 4G. Rewrite the sentences into Passive: 1.
We easily multiply these digits. 2.
People use computers everywhere. 3.
The students are writing a test now. 4.
His computer displays the results of the work. 5.
You must do this job at once. Exercise 5G. Translate the sentences into English: 1. В нашому університеті є студенти з інших країн. 2. В неї немає комп’ютера, чи не так? 3. Вам не слід розпочинати цю роботу. 4. Хіба Вам не пояснили це правило? 5. Вони знали один одного з дитинства. 6. Яку мову Ви вивчали до того, як вступили до нашого
університету? 7. Їм не дозволять протестувати цей прилад. 8. Які операції виконує сучасний комп’ютер? 9. Студенти напишуть програму до червня. 10.
Ви коли-небудь
чули про цю технологію? 11.
Студентам надають гуртожиток. 12.
Цей прилад
тестували цілий місяць. 13.
Всі присутні.
Можна розпочинати презентацію. 14.
Цю книгу вже
забрали. Візьміть ось цю – вона набагато цікавіша. 15.
Чим більше я
читаю, тим більше дізнаюсь. 16.
Ви впевнені, що
на Вас чекають? Exercise 6G. Rewrite the sentences into Active: 1.
English is spoken in many countries. 2.
Penicillin was discovered by Fleming. 3.
The device is being tested now. 4.
The new building has been built. 5.
The exams will be passed next month. Exercise 7G. Make up questions to the sentences: 1.
We are friends. 2.
He has just come back from Kyiv. 3.
Some days ago we had a scientific conference. 4.
They will discuss this problem next time. 5.
I am not able to help you with the joystick now – I
have to go. Exercise 8G. Use the correct verb form: 1.
We ________ anything until we hear from you. (not do) 2.
What parts _______ a computer ________? (to consist of) 3.
We _________ present at the lecture last time
because we were away. (to be) 4.
He _________ over the phone for 30 minutes. (to talk) 5.
How long _____ you _______ this professor? (to know) 6.
Symbolic languages ________ symbolic addresses in
the operands. (to use) 7.
He ______ just _______ his experiment. (to finish) 8.
She ________ to see her parents next weekend. (to go) 9.
Where are the students? – They ________ labs. (to do) 10.Ann _______ her lecture on
history now. (to have) 11.I am going to have a walk. I
_______ my entire home tasks already. I ________ them for 3 hours. (to do, to do) 12.He ________ his house by the
end of next year. (to build) 13.What _______ you ___________
in the morning? (to do) 14.What _______you ___________
since morning? (to do) Exercise 9G. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian, paying attention to modals and
their equivalents: 1.
The article should be published at once. 2.
The lab assistant has to test this device in 2 days. 3.
You will have to help him with his calculations. 4.
I could ask him some questions about his job. 5.
She is to write this program by all means. 6.
We won’t be able to make this experiment because of
his illness. 7.
The students were to start this work three days ago. 8.
He had to work hard to master his English. 9.
We were to follow this example. 10.I won’t be allowed to finish
this work. 11.You ought to remember all
these scientists. 12.They were permitted to
attend the conference on physics. Exercise 10G. Make questions to the following sentences: 1.
There is no holiday today. 2.
Our University was established many years ago. 3.
I will not be able to do it now. 4.
He has got a good mark at the exam. 5.
They spoke French at school meeting last year. 6.
We were good friends. 7.
He can deal with computers very well. 8.
We are good at reading in English. 9.
You must learn this text by heart. 10.I had to prepare for my
exams last Thursday. (L) Listening Task (Recording 5) Exercise 1L. Input
devices are the pieces of hardware which allow us to
enter information into the computer. The most common are the keyboard and the
mouse. We can also interact with a computer by
using one of these: a light pen, a scanner, a trackball, a graphics tablet,
a joystick or a voice recognition device. a)
Look
at the illustrations and see if you can name them:
b)
Listen
to these descriptions of three input devices. What are they? Check your answers with a partner. (R) Exercise 1R. Look
at the picture of a PC-compatible keyboard and identify these groups of keys: 1.
Alphanumeric keys: arranged in the
same order as a typewriter. 2.
Function keys: used by various
programs to instruct the PC to perform specific tasks, such as Save, Copy,
Cut, Paste, Help, etc. 3.
Numeric keypad: set of numeric or
editing keys. The Num Lock key is used to switch from numbers to editing
functions. 4.
Editing keys: cursor and other
keys usually used within word processors to page up and down in a long
document or to edit text (using Insert or Delete keys). 5.
Special keys: used to issue
commands or to produce alternative characters in key combinations, for example, the Alt key.
Exercise 2R. Match these descriptions with the names of
keys on the right. Then find them on the keyboard:
1
A long key at the bottom of the keyboard. Each time
it is pressed, it produces a blank space. (______________) 2
It moves the cursor to the beginning of a new line.
It is also used to confirm commands. (_____) 3
It stops a program without losing the information
from the main memory. Sometimes its use depends on the applications.
(__________) 4
It works in combination with other keys to produce
special characters or specific actions. (____) 5
It removes the character on the left of the cursor
or any selected text. (____________) 6
It produces UPPER-CASE characters (or the upper-case
character of the key). (_________) 7
It produces upper-case letters, but it does not
affect numbers and symbols. (____________) 8
It moves the cursor horizontally to the right for a
fixed number of spaces (in tabulations and data fields). (______________) 9
They are used to move the cursor, as an alternative
to the mouse. (____________) Exercise 3R. Read this passage
about a computer mouse. Fill in the gaps with verbs from the list:
A mouse allows you to (1) ________ the
cursor and move around the screen very quickly.
Making the same movements with the arrow keys on the keyboard would take much longer. As you (2) __________ the mouse on your desk, the pointer
on the screen moves in the same direction. The pointer usually looks like an
I-bar, an arrow or a pointing hand, depending on what you are doing. A mouse has one or more buttons to communicate with the computer. For
example, if you want to place the insertion point or
choose a menu option, you just (3) _________ (press and
release) on the mouse button, and the option is chosen. The mouse is used to (4) ________ text and items on the screen. You can highlight text to be deleted, or you can select an item from a check-box or
questionnaire. The mouse is widely used in graphics and design. When you want to move
an image, you position the pointer on the object you
want to move, press the mouse button, and (5) _______ the image to a new location on the screen.
Similarly, the mouse is used to change the shape of a graphic object. For
example, if you want to convert a square into a rectangle, you (6)
________ one corner of the square and
stretch it into a rectangle. The mouse is also used to start a program or open a document: you put
the pointer on the file name and (7) __________
on the name - that is, you rapidly press and release the mouse button twice.
(SR) Supplementary Exercise 1SR. Do you know…
Input Devices The Mouse - The mouse came
into common use on a PC with the introduction of the Microsoft Windows
operating system. Before this, the operating system (DOS) would normally be
controlled via the keyboard. These days it is vital to be a competent mouse
user. There are many different types of mice, a commonly used model now has a
small wheel on it which when combined with the correct software allows
additional functionally and fine control over the use of your applications.
The quality of the keyboard is often overlooked when buying a PC; it
should be robust and easy to use.
Scanners - A scanner allows you to scan printed material
and convert it into a file format that may be used within the PC. You can
scan pictures and then manipulate these inside the PC using a graphics
application of your choice. In addition, you can scan printed text and
convert this not just to a picture of the text but also to actual text that
can be manipulated and edited as text within your word-processor. There are a
number of specialist programs, generically called OCR (Optical Character
Recognition) programs that are specifically designed for converting printed
text into editable text within your applications.
Light Pens - A light pen is
used to allow users to point to areas on a screen and is often used to select
menu choices.
Voice input for
PCs - Early voice
recognition systems offered very poor results, due to the limitations of the
software combined with hardware limitations. It takes an awful lot of CPU
processing power to convert the spoken word into text that appears on the
screen! Things are changing rapidly however and recent systems allow you to talk
to a PC and see text appear on the screen. Most of these systems require an
initial training period, where you train the software to respond to your
particular voice. While still not perfect this is a key Web
Cams - Ever since it was invented, the Web has become increasingly
interactive. A recent development is to use a small digital movie camera (a
Web cam) mounted on the PC monitor to allow two-way communication involving
not just text communication but sound and video communication as well. While
not yet considered a standard piece of PC kit, it is only a matter of time …
Currently they are limited by the quality of the image recorded and
the number of pictures that you may store within the camera. Exercise 2SR. The
following extracts come from sales assistants in computer shops describing
the features and functions of various input devices. Complete the sentences
by typing in words from the box and then choose which device they’re talking
about:
1 This model ______ a backlight, so you can see what you’re
typing in the dark. (scanner/keyboard/game
controller) 2 We have a Bluetooth version which _______ without
wires, but the surface you use it on needs to be dark. (game controller/mouse/microphone) 3 Why don’t you try this? It’s ________ drawing, as if
you were using a pen and paper. (graphics
tablet/scanner/keyboard) 4 You’ll need one of these – it’s _______ to control
your movements while you play. (game
controller/graphics tablet/microphone) 5 For more precision, I’d recommend this. It’s like an
upside-down mouse, and it works _______ running your hand over the plastic
ball here. (game controller/trackball/light pen) 6 This is our most popular model. It _______ you _____
reproduce exact copies of your documents in digital format. (graphics tablet/scanner/microphone) 7 This works just like a mouse, except you ______
write directly onto the screen with it. (scanner/keyboard/light pen) 8 This is a model
_________ works particularly well with Skype. (game controller/mouse/microphone) (L) Listening Task (Recording 6) Exercise 2L. a)
Listen to an interview
with Anne, an expert in voice-input technologies. Tick the features that she mentions: need a good sound
card and a microphone □ take dictation with
accuracy □ create and
compile a computer program □ surf the Web by
speaking □ execute
programs and navigate around menus by voice commands □ design graphics □ b)
Listen again and fill in
the gaps in these sentences. Use the correct modal verb from the list:
1
If you intend to do a lot of dictation, you ______
get a high-quality headset microphone. 2
You __________ dictate text
directly onto your word processor or e-mail program. 3
With many voice-recognition programs, the user
_______ first train the software to recognize individual pronunciations. 4
Speech-recognition software __________ help children
with special educational needs. 5
In a few years' time, a lot of people _________ use
their voices to interact with computers. (S) Speaking (block II): Exercise 3S. Read and
translate the text and get ready to speak on your University: General Information about VNTU Vinnytsia National Technical
University is an educational establishment of the fourth level of
accreditation well known both in Ukraine and far abroad. VNTU consists of 7 scientific and educational institutes: ·
InAECCS ( ·
InCETPEGS ( ·
InPEEEM ( ·
InITCE ( ·
InMBT (Institute of ·
InRETEIE ( ·
InM ( and seven Integral Institutes, designed for the provision of training
process: The University trains 6000
day-time students, 1500 part-time students, 100 PhD and Doctor degree
students, 1000 pre-University students. The educational and scientific activity is conducted by 47
departments, 26 of which are running branch offices with the enterprises in
Vinnytsia and Vinnytsia region. The departments are run by Doctors of
Sciences, professors (84% of teaching staff in the graduating departments and
72% of University teachers have scientific degrees and titles). 2% of
University teaches have honorary title “Meritorious”. 10% are Academicians
and Correspondent Members of State and VNTU is the unique
University in Department for Training and Production Integration has its
representatives in all the industrial cities of VNTU is given the highest IVth
level of accreditation and trains students according to the three stage
system Bachelor - Engineer – Master, following the curricula, which
integrates the peculiarities of national and Canadian system of higher
education. Apart from acquiring the
basic specialty, the students are allowed to get the second specialty by
correspondence. Our University is also unique in One more peculiarity of
students training in VNTU allows the Bachelors with the distinction who have
the ability to scientific and educational activity to join Masters training
courses after four years of Bachelor's training program. Students of different
specialties learn English for Specific Purposes on the level of technical
translation, which allows them to join the overseas representative offices or
work abroad. University campus is located
on the lot of The first and second year
students makes it possible to meet eminent people, authors, musicians,
artists, theatre and film actors, politicians and religious figures and other
people, who visit the University. The University has the
efficient system for training specialists of higher qualification, which has
no analogues. Training of scientific and educational specialists is conducted
on the post- The University issues the
social and political periodical “Impulse”, which is in demand in the region.
The University scientific journals on technical, economic and pedagogic sciences,
approved by the Highest Attestation Board of Ukraine, are: “Visnyk of Vinnytsia
Polytechnic Institute”, “Optoelectronic Information”, “Power Technologies”,
“Information Technologies and Computer Engineering”. Recently initiated
scientific journal is “Modern Technologies, Materials and Constructions in
Civil Engineering”. The journal “Sententiae” is specialized in the sphere of
philosophical sciences. VNTU is the only permanent
member representing The University trains
specialists with higher education on the level of Master and Philosophy
Doctor in technical sciences for 69 countries in Africa, Asia, South and |
